In this capacity it is called the nuclear force (or residual strong force). In the context of atomic nuclei, the same strong interaction force (that binds quarks within a nucleon) also binds protons and neutrons together to form a nucleus. This property of the strong force is called color confinement, and it prevents the free "emission" of the strong force: instead, in practice, jets of massive particles are produced. Thus, if hadrons are struck by high-energy particles, they give rise to new hadrons instead of emitting freely moving radiation ( gluons). The strong force inherently has such a high strength that hadrons bound by the strong force can produce new massive particles. In the latter context, it is often known as the color force. On the smaller scale (less than about 0.8 fm, the radius of a nucleon), it is the force (carried by gluons) that holds quarks together to form protons, neutrons, and other hadron particles. On a larger scale (of about 1 to 3 femtometer), it is the force (carried by mesons) that binds protons and neutrons (nucleons) together to form the nucleus of an atom. The strong interaction is observable at two ranges and mediated by two force carriers. At the range of 10 −15 m (slightly more than the radius of a nucleon), the strong force is approximately 137 times as strong as electromagnetism, 10 6 times as strong as the weak interaction, and 10 38 times as strong as gravitation. Most of the mass of a common proton or neutron is the result of the strong interaction energy the individual quarks provide only about 1% of the mass of a proton. The strong interaction also binds neutrons and protons to create atomic nuclei, where it is called the nuclear force. The strong interaction or strong nuclear force is a fundamental interaction that confines quarks into proton, neutron, and other hadron particles.
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